When using PU foam for cold storage sandwich panels, why must the "thermal bridge" effect be considered in design?

A thermal bridge occurs when metal connectors or penetrations have much higher thermal conductivity than the core, creating a heat flow short circuit. Even with only 0.1% area of thermal bridges, the overall heat transfer coefficient can increase by 20%. For example, a φ10mm stainless steel bolt transmits 5W of heat per meter per day; 100 such bolts increase annual cold storage power consumption by 8000 kWh. Design measures: 1) Use glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) connectors; 2) Use thermal break aluminum profiles; 3) Pour and foam PU filler around penetrations; 4) Encapsulate all metal parts in plastic or thermal break pads. ANSYS thermal simulation shows that optimized design can limit thermal bridge additional heat transfer to within 3%.

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When using PU foam for cold storage sandwich panels, why must the “thermal bridge” effect be considered in design?

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