Compressive strength measures a foam core’s ability to resist crushing under perpendicular loads. Density is directly related to compressive performance because higher-density foams contain more solid material within the cellular structure.
Low-density foams are lightweight but may deform under concentrated loads. High-density cores provide:
- Better load distribution
- Improved fastener retention
- Increased dent resistance
- Enhanced structural reliability
For example:
- 60–80 kg/m³ → insulation and lightweight panels
- 100–130 kg/m³ → general structural applications
- 200+ kg/m³ → heavy-duty industrial structures
However, excessive density increases weight and manufacturing cost. Therefore, engineers optimize density based on expected service conditions rather than simply maximizing strength.
